Appeal No. VA98/2/039

AN BINSE LUACHÁLA
VALUATION TRIBUNAL
AN tACHT LUACHÁLA, 1988
VALUATION ACT, 1988

Champion Sports APPELLANT
and
Commissioner of Valuation RESPONDENT

RE: Shop at Map Reference Unit 18/19, Jervis Centre,
Ward: North City 2A, County Borough of Dublin
Quantum - Affect of designation

B E F O R E
Con Guiney - Barrister at Law Deputy Chairman
Rita Tynan - Solicitor Member
Michael Coghlan - Solicitor Member

JUDGMENT OF THE VALUATION TRIBUNAL
ISSUED ON THE 25TH DAY OF JUNE, 1999

By Notice of Appeal dated the 29th day of April 1998 the appellant appealed against the determination of the Commissioner of Valuation in fixing a rateable valuation of £730 on the above described hereditament.

The Grounds of appeal as set out in the said Notice of Appeal are that; "the rateable valuation of £730 is excessive, inequitable, unwarranted and bad in law".

The appeal proceeded by way of an oral hearing that took place on the 29th day of January 1999 and resumed on the 24th February 1999 in the Tribunal offices in Dublin. The appellant was represented by Mr Andriais O Caoimh S.C.. Evidence on behalf of the appellant was given by Mr Joe Bardon FSCS., FRICS, Dip. Environmental Economics of Bardon & Co., Rating Consultants. The respondent was represented by Mr Eamon Marray BL.. Mr. John Smiley, District Valuer in the Valuation Office gave evidence on behalf of the respondent.

The Property
The premises comprises two adjoining units trading as one entity, located with in the Jervis Centre a newly developed mutli-storey shopping centre, located off Mary Street and close to Henry Street and the ILAC Centre.

The centre has 75 new units of varying sizes on three main levels and is accessed from street level via entrances from Mary Street and Upper Abbey Street. There is also an internal link from the Marks and Spencers store in Mary Street. There are four high-speed lifts accessed from level 3 only of the car park and all shopping levels in the centre are linked by escalators and stairways.

The areas of the unit, as agreed between the parties are as follows:

1st Floor retail 282.0 sq.metres (3,035.0 sq.ft.)
This excludes Store/fire exit 4.3 sq. metres ( 46.5 sq.ft.)
Stairs 11.1 sq.metres (120.0 sq.ft.)
Total Area 297.4 sq.metres 3,201.5 sq.ft)
Demised Area 306 sq.metres (3,294 sq.ft.)

1st Floor Upper Retail / store 209.1 sq.metres (2,251 sq.ft.)
This excludes Stairs 17.3 sq.metres (186 sq.ft.)
Store/Fire exit 1.1 sq.metres (12 sq.ft.)
W.C. 1.7 sq.metres (18 sq.ft.)
Plant 6.3 sq.metres (67 sq.ft.)

Total 235.5 sq.metre (2,535 sq.ft.)
Demised Area 247 sq.metres (2,659 sq.ft)

Title
The unit is held under a 25 year lease with five year rent reviews from 1 November 1996 at an initial rent of £155,000 per annum. A three-month rent-free period was granted upon the signing of the lease. The Centre was developed under the amended provisions of the Urban Renewal Act 1986. Rates relief is on a sliding scale basis only, with one-tenth liability arising in year 1, two tenths liability arising in year 2 etc.

Valuation History
The unit was revised during the 1996/4 Revision and a valuation of £820 was assessed. The Rateable valuation was reduced to £730 at first appeal. This determination of the Commissioner of Valuation is the subject of the present appeal to the Valuation Tribunal

Evidence of the appellant:
Mr Bardon on behalf of the appellant adopted his written submission, as amended, as his evidence in chief given under oath. He argued that the best approach to assessing the NAV on the subject premises was by reference to the comparative method based on established levels applying to shops in both Henry Street and Mary Street. He said that the approach used by the Commissioner in using only rental evidence, gave rise to inequity within the centre as there was no coherent rental strategy on the part of letting agents and virtually any reasonable rental offer was accepted. Equally it gave rise to inequity between these units and units in other designated areas where allowances on the rents had been made.

In assessing the RV of the premises, Mr Bardon took the following factors into account:

1. The location
The centre is located in a secondary trading location. The unit is on the first floor and well set back from Mary Street. None of the units within the centre have street frontage. Access from the carpark is not direct to all shopping levels.

2. Position within the Centre
Location on the first floor is a disadvantage.

Appellant's Opinion of Value
Ground Floor
Zone A 1,105 sq. feet @ £40.00 per sq. foot = £44,200
Zone B 1,105 sq. feet @ £20.00 per sq. foot = £22,100
Zone C 820 sq. feet @ £10.00 per sq. foot = £8,250
Subtotal = £73,550
Add 15% for corner location = £11,182
Mezzanine
Retail etc 2,251 sq. feet @ £6.00 per sq. foot = £13,506
Total £99,238 x 0.63%
£625.20 say £625.

Evidence of the Respondent
Mr Smiley on behalf of the Commissioner of Valuation adopted his written submissions as his evidence in chief given under oath. He said that he had dealt with 23 rating appeals in the Jervis Centre, involving 11 different rating consultants representing a cross section of the most experienced and professional valuers in the country. Only one first appeal case remains to be issued and only one consultant, involved in the three current appeals, has appealed to the Tribunal.

All appeals were agreed /issued on the same basis as the subject premises i.e.

1996 Rent X 1/1.3375 = NAV (1988)
NAV (1988) X 0.63% = RV

The basis of backdating was a combination of :
(a) The percentage increases in ILAC rents 1986-1996, deducting for the increase 1986-1988
(b) The JLW Retail Index.
(c) The IPD Retail Index.

Details of the 1986 ILAC rents were available in the Valuation Office, while the consultant valuer had details of the rents established in the 1996 rent reviews.
(Mr Smiley supplied details of rental comparisons used in the 96/4 appeals on a confidential basis to the Tribunal).

The respondent's valuation on the subject premises was calculated as follows:
Rent reserved from 1/11/96 = £155,000
Backdate to Nov 1988 (1/1.3375) = £115,888
NAV £116,000 x 0.63% = £730.00

Findings and Determination
The Tribunal has carefully considered all the evidence and arguments adduced in submission and at the oral hearing and makes the following preliminary observations:-

1. The Tribunal notes that the hearing was first adjourned to allow measurement of the subject by the Valuation Office. It is further noted that their measurements were subsequently accepted by Mr. Bardon at hearing.

2. It has been contended by Mr. Smiley and his Counsel Mr. Marray B.L. that when arriving at a fair rateable valuation for premises such as the subject, the consideration of passing rent is of paramount importance.

3. Mr. Joseph Bardon and his Counsel Mr. O'Caoimh S.C. on the other hand contend that the rents in designated premises such as these are artificial and should specifically not be used for consideration, save in conjunction with comparative rental values elsewhere.

4. It is common case that the subject premises forms part of a designated area at Jervis Street which is not easily comparable save perhaps for the Tallaght Shopping Centre (also designated) which was designed as a regional retail facility. It is noted in this regard that Mr. Bardon considers the St. Stephen's Green Shopping Centre perhaps the best basis for comparison.

5. The valuers in this case have taken up diametrically opposed positions as to the best basis for valuing the subject premises. Mr. Bardon suggests that comparative factors are best and Mr. Smiley suggests that rents are best. Both within their précis of evidence (as adopted) and within their oral evidence, it was noted that these witnesses have given little credence to the opposing views as submitted.

6. The Tribunal has been asked to consider the subject premises as either forming part of a designated development area with all the anomalies thrown up by such designation or alternatively as a Zone A commercial retail outlet of the highest earning potential. In truth the subject premises is neither. It does not come within the first category as there is clearly little to compare the subject premises, located adjacent and abutting a thriving and mature city centre commercial district, with developments in deprived or disadvantaged areas which have been given designation for the purposes of enhancing their development potential. Nor does the subject property come within the ambit of the second category, as it does not form part of a mature commercial area with proven yields and rentals established over a substantial period of time.

7. It is the view of the Tribunal that the subject property is comprised within a third category, which is effectively a hybrid of the first two. The premises are new and the enterprise intended for the premises is thus somewhat uncertain. Designation has had perhaps some affect upon the rental values attributable to such premises. Though it is noted that no definite evidence has been placed before us from which a relevant comparison can be extracted to assist the Tribunal or indeed assist the valuers involved in this case.

8. The Tribunal has thus been asked to decide which method adopted is the best and fairest method of determining a rateable valuation.

In the present case the Tribunal is of the view that the best (but not the only) method of determining the rateable value is by having regard to such passing rent as the prudent tenant has contracted for. In arriving at this view the Tribunal is cognisant of the reducing benefit of designation to the occupiers.

In determining an R.V. based upon rental, the Tribunal has noted that the present tenant enjoyed a 3 month initial rent free period and has, thus, made appropriate deduction.

VALUATION

Rent reserved from 1/11/96 = £155,000

Average annual rent for years 1-5 (taking 3 month rent free period into account = £147,250
Backdate to November 1988 (1/1.3375) = £110,093

N.A.V. = £110,093 x 0.63% = £693.58 say
R.V. £694

The Tribunal therefore determines the rateable valuation of the subject premises to be £694.